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Distracted Boyfriend is a stock photo turned object labeling meme showing a man checking out another woman while his girlfriend looks on in disapproval. Taken by Barcelona photographer Antonio Guillem in mid-2015, the image first appeared as a meme in a Turkish Facebook group in January 2017 before going massively viral across Twitter, Reddit, and Instagram in August 2017. It won Meme of the Year at the 10th annual Shorty Awards and helped popularize the object labeling format that dominated meme culture in the late 2010s.

Math Lady, also called Confused Math Lady, is a reaction image and GIF featuring Brazilian actress Renata Sorrah as the villain Nazaré Tedesco from the 2004 telenovela *Senhora do Destino*. The image shows Sorrah with an intensely confused expression, often overlaid with floating mathematical equations, and is used to express bewilderment or overthinking. First used as a reaction GIF in 2013, it exploded internationally in 2016 after someone added math formulas to the screenshot, turning it into one of the most recognizable confusion memes on the internet.

Nyan Cat is an 8-bit animated GIF of a cat with a cherry Pop-Tart body flying through space, trailing a rainbow, set to the endlessly looping Japanese Vocaloid song "Nyanyanyanyanyanyanya!" by daniwellP. Artist Christopher Torres created the animation during a Red Cross charity livestream on April 2, 2011; three days later YouTuber saraj00n paired it with the song, and the combination quickly became one of the biggest viral memes of the early 2010s. The original video pulled in over 205 million YouTube views and sparked games, merchandise, a Webby Award, and a landmark NFT sale worth nearly $600,000.

Confused Nick Young is a reaction image of NBA player Nick Young (aka Swaggy P) looking bewildered with question marks floating around his head. The image comes from a 2014 YouTube web series and went viral in 2015 on Black Twitter, becoming one of the internet's most-used visual shorthand for confusion and disbelief.

Surprised Pikachu is a reaction image pulled from a 1997 episode of the Pokémon anime, showing Pikachu with wide eyes and an open mouth in a look of shock. First used as a meme on Tumblr in September 2018 by user popokko (Angela), it became the most-used meme of that year by pairing the image with scenarios where someone is "surprised" by a completely predictable outcome. A WIRED investigation into its viral trajectory raised questions about whether its November 2018 popularity spike was connected to the Detective Pikachu film marketing, though no definitive link was established.

"Wait, That's Illegal" is a reaction image meme taken from the Rooster Teeth web series *Red vs. Blue*, featuring the character Church delivering the line. The source material dates back to 2004, but the screenshot didn't take off as a meme format until January 2019, when it blew up on Reddit's r/MemeEconomy and r/dankmemes. It's used to react to anything that seems like it shouldn't be allowed, whether genuinely rule-breaking or just absurd.

Baby Yoda is the internet's nickname for Grogu, a tiny green alien character from the Disney+ series *The Mandalorian* who looks like an infant version of the iconic Star Wars Jedi Master Yoda. First revealed in the show's premiere on November 12, 2019, the character instantly broke the internet with an avalanche of memes, reaction images, and photoshops that made him one of the biggest memes of the year. Despite Disney officially naming him "The Child" and later revealing his canonical name as Grogu in Season 2, the internet overwhelmingly stuck with "Baby Yoda."

"Karen" is a slang term and meme archetype describing an entitled, middle-class white woman known for demanding to speak to the manager, harassing service workers, and weaponizing privilege against people of color[1]. The meme coalesced from multiple internet trends between 2014 and 2018, drawing on Black American internet culture's tradition of satirizing racial hostility through commonplace names[1]. By 2020, "Karen" had become one of the most recognizable character archetypes on the internet, fueled by viral videos of real-world confrontations and the COVID-19 pandemic's mask wars[7].